Bolivia, long one of the poorest and least developed Latin American countries, made considerable progress in the 1990s toward the development of a market-oriented economy. Successes under President SANCHEZ DE LOZADA (1993-97) included the signing of a free trade agreement with Mexico and becoming an associate member of the Southern Cone Common Market (Mercosur), as well as the privatization of the state airline, telephone company, railroad, electric power company, and oil company. Growth slowed in 1999, in part due to tight government budget policies, which limited needed appropriations for anti-poverty programs, and the fallout from the Asian financial crisis. In 2000, major civil disturbances held down growth to 2.5%. Bolivia's GDP failed to grow in 2001 due to the global slowdown and laggard domestic activity. Growth picked up slightly in 2002, but the first quarter of 2003 saw extensive civil riots and looting and loss of confidence in the government. Bolivia will remain highly dependent on foreign aid unless and until it can develop its substantial natural resources.

purchasing power parity - $21.15 billion (2002 est.)

2.8% (2002 est.)

purchasing power parity - $2,500 (2002 est.)

agriculture: 20%
industry: 20%
services: 60% (2002 est.)

70% (1999 est.)

2% (2001 est.)

2.5 million

agriculture NA%, industry NA%, services NA%

7.6%
note: widespread underemployment (2000)

mining, smelting, petroleum, food and beverages, tobacco, handicrafts, clothing

3.9% (1998)